Humanitarian and reconstruction actions for peacebuilding
Fahil Jabbari
Humanitarian assistance in general is "all urgent action to ensure the preservation of the lives and health of those directly affected by an international or internal conflict, or a disaster of whatever nature". The most important characteristic of humanitarian assistance is its emergency nature, often referred to as assistance between developed and developing countries. The process of providing human aid to ones brother is an old idea that has been closely linked to the principles of religion and morality in order to protect the human soul from loss. and then found its way into becoming a common act in todays international community, They are usually built on rules incorporated under international humanitarian law to provide relief to civilians affected by armed conflict or the provision of rules and mechanisms for disaster and crisis relief, It held many conferences and produced many documents on the organization of humanitarian assistance.
Relief work can be provided in peacetime or in times of armed conflict. In peacetime, relief work is provided to civilians in situations of tension, internal unrest and natural crises such as earthquakes and floods, and in times of armed conflict civilians deprived of the essentials of life because of conflict. A situation in which relief work is provided is called "complex emergencies", which can include multiple disasters, including natural disasters and man-made disasters such as conflict.
Humanitarian assistance is a process in which relief items such as food, medicine and clothing are provided to victims of conflict and disasters during and after conflict, for example, to camps with the consent of the Government of the State concerned, often by independent and impartial bodies such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) or Red Crescent organizations, or doctors without borders, and relief materials can be provided by United Nations agencies or a state or several countries with a United Nations mandate, All in order to alleviate suffering, protect the right to life and normalize conditions as a step towards peace-building and stability.
Humanitarian assistance is not limited to international organizations but can be carried out by some States. Domestic and international humanitarian organizations concerned with refugees and displaced persons in the aftermath of the conflict face considerable difficulties in distributing financial assistance in various regions to displaced persons, especially refugees and displaced persons who move permanently. As well as the distribution and waiting hours for the distribution of financial assistance by the relevant international organizations, in addition to the use of difficult and complex traditional mechanisms and procedures during the distribution of financial and humanitarian assistance.
One of the most important forms of international cooperation in post-conflict and conflict periods is that some States, on their own initiative or under the guidance of a humanitarian organization, organization, organization of the United Nations or any regional organization concerned assistance to those affected by the armed conflict, who are either displaced from combat sites to the territories of neighbouring States and here there is no limitation on the cooperating State if it is the territorys future State, This State is required to accept or request if the cooperating State is not the State of the territory or that such cooperation is governed by the controls established by the recommendation of a humanitarian or other organization concerned, Those affected are still on battlefields or in territory occupied by hostile forces In that case, aid and assistance must be subject to the control and control of the controlling State, provided that the latter would not be arbitrary, otherwise it would be contrary to international law.
It should be noted that the provision of relief items by States or humanitarian organizations is not a hostile act or interference in any States internal affairs. and not in the dispute between the parties, and States must allow relief items to pass through their territories to ensure the passage of all medicines and foods, even if deductible, They have the right to inspect these convoys and organize transport according to a given schedule or itinerary assistance is provided and implemented through mechanisms such as the United Nations, intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations and sometimes national and regional organizations.
NGOs active in the field of human rights and peacebuilding can gain legitimacy and greater credibility by demonstrating their effectiveness and strong and clearly defined impact through clear purposes and entities. NGOs have developed a system of reports on the situation in societies experiencing violent conflicts. This information is also disseminated to the public in annual reports and on their own websites. s decision-making processes, with a view to better determining the impact of their activities and improving their performance in addressing the causes of conflict.
ICRC has collaborated with truth and reconciliation commissions of various kinds and in many post-conflict societies in which truth commissions play a vital role in the post-conflict phase of society to rebuild social relations that have been torn apart by giving an accurate picture of the causes of the conflict, It also documents violations committed during periods of violence and assumes responsibilities and urges parties to the conflict to engage in dialogue on past events and thus contribute to the reconciliation process.
At the same time, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), in the framework of its mandate, assumes several tasks in post-conflict circumstances. Apart from providing humanitarian assistance, it assists victims through rehabilitation, construction and repatriation activities, visits persons detained in conflict and works to release and repatriate prisoners. Its role also includes searching for missing persons, facilitating family reunification and clarifying the fate of missing persons after reporting disappearance by the opposing party, and urging States and civil society to take steps towards the implementation of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty (Ottawa) and the reduction of the use and impact of explosive remnants of war signed by 123 States in the city of Ottawa, Canada in 1999. Its activities also include the search for missing persons and the transfer of relief items to civilian populations who are being starved by war, such as the transport of food, medicine and clothing to those States that have experienced conflict such as Afghanistan and Cambodia.
We believe that there should be transparency and that the assistance provided by donor States to States emerging from conflict should not be corrupted, and that the national interest should be above personal considerations and interests both for leaders and for all concerned in general.
